G laucoma is a disease that irreversibly damages the optic nerve.
The optic nerve communicates the eye with the brain, so it is a fundamental part in order to transmit visual information through nerve fibers to the brain. The optic nerve is damaged when the intraocular pressure of the eye is unstable. It is believed to have hereditary factors so if exists a hereditary history of glaucoma it is very important to perform annual visual controls.
CAUSES
The main cause of glaucoma is elevated intraocular pressure.
Inside the eye there is a fluid called aqueous humor that the body itself generates naturally. As it is generated, it is also drained naturally. When this drainage is impaired and is not drained according to the amount generated, it generates a higher-than-normal pressure because it is no longer balanced. When the eye pressure increases, it is when the optic nerve can be damaged and therefore, vision loss occurs.
TYPES OF GLAUCOMA
Having explained this, there are two types of glaucoma:
open-angle and closed-angle.
- Open-angle glaucoma occurs when the drainage of the aqueous humor itself is slow.
- Closed-angle glaucoma is not related to the aqueous humor but to the cavity through which the aqueous humor drains, which is small and this increases the pressure in the eye.
TREATMENT
The only treatment that exists to eliminate the cataract is surgery. The surgery is performed under local anesthesia to replace the opaque crystalline lens with an intraocular lens that replaces it and allows clear vision. If there is only a beginning of cataract and the symptomatology is very severe, most of the time it can be fixed with prescription glasses, this can be confirmed with the optometrist in the optician’s office.
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